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There comes a time in almost every persons life when he desires the modification of some feature so as to enhance his physical appeal. Physical appeal plays an integral part in shaping an individual’s personality. Improvement in physical appearance results in greater self-confidence ,improved social lives ,physical and emotional well-being and over-all happiness of the individual. Cosmetic surgery is one of the most effective forms of treatment to help an individual mould his personality and enhance his physical appearance for the greater good of the individual and builds a unique sense of confidence in him .


The most prevalent aesthetic/cosmetic procedures are listed below. Most of these types of surgery are more commonly known by their "common names." These are also listed when pertinent.

Abdominal etching, or Ab etching, is used to contour and shape the abdominal fat pad to provide patients with a flat stomach.


Abdominoplasty (or "tummy tuck"): reshaping and firming of the abdomen


Blepharoplasty (or "eyelid surgery"): Reshaping of the eyelids or the application of permanent eyeliner, including Asian blepharoplasty


Mammoplasty
  • Breast augmentation (or "breast enlargement" or "boob job"): Augmentation of the breasts. This can involve either fat grafting, saline or silicone gel prosthetics. Initially performed to women with micromastia.

    One decision more and more women are making everyday is to have breast augmentation surgery (a procedure to enhance the size of your breasts by using breast implants - saline implants or silicone implants). By inserting breast implants, plastic surgeons are able to increase a woman's bust line by one or more bra cup sizes. Advances in breast implant technology and surgical technique are making breast augmentation surgery a popular option among women of all ages desiring a change in the way they look. The decision to undergo breast enlargement surgery may result in a more flattering, better proportioned figure, more clothing options, and may enhance your confidence and self-esteem.

  • Breast reduction: Removal of skin and glandular tissue. Indicated to reduce back and shoulder pain in women with gigantomastia and/or for psychological benefit in women with gigantomastia/macromastia and men with gynecomastia.

    Surgeons use different techniques, but the most common one involves an anchor-shaped incision that goes around the areola, down the breast toward the crease between the breast and abdomen, and then horizontally in the crease under the breast. The surgeon removes excess breast tissue, fat and skin to reduce the size of your breast. If amount of tissue to be removed is relatively small, your surgeon may not need to make the horizontal incision.

    In most cases, the nipple and areola remain attached to the breast. If the breasts are very large and droopy, however, the surgeon may have to remove the nipple and areola and reattach them at a higher position as a skin graft. In this case, detaching the nipple and areola from their blood vessels and nerves causes them to permanently lose sensation and can result in the inability to breast-feed.

  • Breast lift (Mastopexy): Lifting or reshaping of breasts to make them less saggy, often after weight loss (after a pregnancy, for example). It involves removal of breast skin as opposed to glandular tissue.

    Breast lift or Mastopexy is a surgical procedure to raise and reshape sagging breasts. If the breasts are small and have lost volume breast implants inserted along with a Mastopexy can increase both firmness and their size. A breast lift can be performed at any age, but one has to wait until breast development has stopped.

    Recovery
    When breast implants are used in conjunction with a breast lift procedure, increased swelling and fullness in the upper part of the breast or chest area and in the midline between the breasts maybe noted. Varying degrees of swelling, bruising, and firmness subside over several weeks to months.

    The breasts will get slightly smaller and descend to a certain extent as swelling subsides and the effects of gravity and tissue relaxation act on the newly tightened skin envelope. Most patients find this beneficial in that the breasts look more natural over time. The ability to breast-feed after a breast lift (mastopexy) is generally preserved, but cannot be assured.

Buttock Augmentation (or "butt augmentation" or "butt implants"):

Enhancement of the buttocks. This procedure can be performed by using silicone implants or fat grafting and transfer from other areas of the body.

This surgical procedure also called gluteoplasty or buttock augmentation. It is design to reshape the size of your buttocks and create more firm and aesthetic appearance. The buttock area is not easily changed by weight reduction or exercise, therefore you may consider this operation to improve the look of your buttock. In general every person who wishes to undergo the operation and is in a good physical condition can do so.

Buttock augmentation is achieved using fat. The idea is to remove fat from your one body part and inject in into your buttocks. The big advantage of this technique is the fact that there is no rejection since the tissue used is taken from your one body. In addition this method can make your buttock look very natural. The fat is usually taken from areas of the body, which have extra fat, like the flank area, the thigh and the upper and lower buttock. The extra fat, which is removed from the above areas, can further reshape the buttock making it look like you've been through a butt lift. After the fat is removed is undergoes some special processing and then injected to your buttocks using a special cannula, which has a very small diameter therefore leaves minimal scars. The big challenge of the fat grafting is to cause the graft to survive in the new place, this can be achieved by injecting small amount of fat each time into different layers, above and below the butt muscles. This way better blood supply is accomplished and irregularities of the surface is minimized. The graft survival is unpredictable, some of the fat is absorbed causing you to loose the augmentation effect. It is generally believed that what's left after 3 month usually stays forever. After the procedure the buttock area usually don't heart, the pain is generally from the incisions make in the donor area. Those incisions are also very small, the same ones used for liposuction.


Chemical peel:

Chemical Peel Is a procedure in which a controlled chemical burn is applied to the skin, using chemical solution, in order to remove outer layers of the skin. It can remove delicate wrinkles, pigmentation marks and other skin defects. Peeling also has some medical advantages, such as removal of pre-cancerous conditions and acne scars.

The solutions being used are phenol, trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and alphahydroxil acids (AHA).

Minimizing the appearance of acne, pock, and other scars as well as wrinkles (depending on concentration and type of agent used, except for deep furrows), solar lentigines (age spots, freckles), and photodamage in general. Chemical peels commonly involve carbolic acid (Phenol), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), glycolic acid (AHA), or salicylic acid (BHA) as the active agent.


Labiaplasty: Surgical reduction and reshaping of the labia


Rhinoplasty (or "nose job"): Reshaping of the nose


Otoplasty (or ear surgery): Reshaping of the ear


Rhytidectomy (or "face lift"): Removal of wrinkles and signs of aging from the face


Suction-Assisted Lipectomy (or liposuction): Removal of fat from the body


Chin augmentation: Augmentation of the chin with an implant (e.g. silicone) or by sliding genioplasty of the
jawbone.

Cheek augmentation

Cheek Augmentation (or cheek implants)   (known to physicians as submalar and malar augmentation) is a general term that describes surgery to enhance the appearance of one’s cheeks. This is a relatively minor procedure that restructures cheekbones, balancing facial features and restoring a youthful and vibrant appearance.  The desired effect is to change the shape or size of the cheek or to correct flaws caused by birth defects or injury. The surgery is generally simple, fast, and uncomplicated. Cheek Augmentation (Cheek Implants) helps to boost self-esteem. This procedure gives the face a more proportional and balanced appearance. Cheek implants on older patients allow a face a fuller look, especially if the face is looking sunken in, drawn, or aged. Younger women that have flat cheekbones go for cheek implants to get the chic high cheekbone look of fashion models. Underdeveloped cheekbones make other facial features appear more prominent. This procedure is often performed in combination with Rhinoplasty, Neck Liposuction, and/or Chin Augmentation.


Collagen, fat, and other tissue filler injections (e.g. hyaluronic acid)


Laser skin resurfacing



In recent years, a growing number of patients seeking cosmetic surgery have visited other countries to find doctors with lower costs. These medical tourists seek to get their procedures done for a cost savings in countries including Cuba, Thailand, Argentina, India, and some areas of eastern Europe. The risk of complications and the lack of after surgery support are often overlooked by those simply looking for the cheapest option.






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